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An electromechanical device includes a support structure formed by attaching inner surfaces of second and third substrates to a first substrate. The support structure includes at least one cavity between the second and third layers. An electromechanical active element is provided on an outer surface of at least one of the second or third layers.

A method for determining a signal vector comprising a plurality of components from a received signal vector is described, wherein a component of the plurality of components is selected and for each candidate symbol of a list of candidate symbols, wherein each candidate symbol represents a possible symbol for the selected component, a candidate signal vector for the candidate symbol is generated under the assumption that the selected component is equal to the candidate symbol. The signal vector is determined based on a quality measure of the candidate signal vectors.

A method for determining a frequency offset from a plurality of signal values is described wherein first correlation coefficients are determined from the signal values and second correlation coefficients are determined from the first correlation coefficients. The second correlation coefficients are linearly combined and the frequency offset is determined as the phase of the linear combination.

A process of forming a composite material comprising treating pristine clay with water to form a swollen clay, intercalating the swollen clay with an organic solvent to form an organic solvent intercalated swollen clay by exchanging the water with the organic solvent while maintaining the swollen clay in a swollen state with the solvent. The organic solvent intercalated swollen clay is then treated with a silane coupling agent and the organic solvent intercalated swollen clay so modified is mixed with an epoxy matrix material to form a nanocomposite. The nanocomposite is then applied to a reinforcing material to thereby form a composite material.

A method and system of conducting named entity recognition. One method comprises selecting one or more examples for human labelling, each example comprising a word sequence containing a named entity and its context; and retraining a model for the named entity recognition based on the labelled examples as training data.

A biomaterial scaffold comprising: a) reconstituted extracellular matrix; and b) polyelectrolyte complex fibers; wherein the matrix and the fibers are functionally associated.

A method for processing bit symbols generated by a data source, in particular a video, still image or audio source, comprising the following steps of constructing a plurality of bit-planes from the data source, each bit-plane comprising a plurality of bit-plane symbols; scanning the bit-plane symbols of each bit-plane to generate a binary string of bit-plane symbols; and encoding the binary string of the bit-plane symbols using a statistical model, wherein the statistical model is based on statistical properties of a Laplacian probability distribution function which characterizes the data source.

This invention relates to a semiconductor device making use of a highly thermal robust metal electrode as gate material. In particular, the development of Hafnium Nitride as a metal gate electrode (or a part of the metal gate stack) is taught and its manufacturing steps of fabrication with different embodiments are shown.

Inclusions in a transparent panel (5) are detected by placing a light transmissive interface (3) in contact with the panel (5), and transmitting a beam of light (1) through interface (3) into panel (5). Within the panel (5), the light beam (7) propagates along a path including total internal reflections at surfaces of panel (5). When the light beam (1) intercepts inclusions (10) or other defects at least some of it is scattered, and leaves the panel (5). This scattered light is then observed. Thus, a large zone of the panel (5) can be inspected, with light only being detected in the case that it arises from scattering by inclusions or other defects.

A dynamically updateable graphical index for rapidly scanning through content available on a website. The index comprises user-selectable levels within branches of a hierarchical tree structure representing various categories and sub-categories of content available on the website. All content on the website is associated with meta-data. The categories and sub-categories correspond to this meta-data. As content is added to the website, the content's associated meta-data is dynamically incorporated into the index and is searchable within the hierarchical tree structure displayed to the user.