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A micro-impact testing apparatus for measuring the impact characteristics of a microelectronics specimen exposed to an impact thereon. The apparatus comprises of a specimen holder for receiving a specimen to be tested, and an impact device. The impact device comprises of an impact head, a support member, at least one connecting element and a first flexural spring. The support member is connected to the connecting element in that the first flexural spring is firmly attached with its one end to the support member and with its other end to the connecting element. A second flexural spring, being at least substantially identical to said first flexural spring, is firmly attached with its one end to the connecting element and with its other end to the impact head so that the ends of the first and second flexural springs define, in an unloaded state of the flexural springs, a rectangle. The impact head is moveable transversally with respect to the first and second flexural springs along a linear line between a spring-loaded position and an impact position thereof. The specimen holder is aligned with the impact device such that the specimen is arranged in said impact position of the impact head so that the impact head is capable of impacting on the specimen after traveling from its loaded position towards its impact position along said linear line upon release thereof from said loaded position.

A method of measuring a quality of a test video stream, the method comprising measuring a content richness fidelity feature of the test video stream based on occurrences of color values in image frames of the test video stream; measuring a block-fidelity feature of the test video stream based on distortion at block-boundaries in the image frames of the test video stream; measuring a distortion-invisibility feature of the test video stream based on distortion at pixels of the image frames of the test video stream; and determining a quality rating for the test video stream based on the content richness fidelity feature, the block-fidelity feature and the distortion-invisibility feature measured.

An encapsulation for a device is disclosed. Spacer particles are randomly located in the device region to prevent a cap mounted on the substrate from contacting the active components, thereby protecting them from damage. The spacer particles comprise a base and an upper portion, the base being at least equal to or wider than the upper portion, for preventing the generation of dark spots around the spacer particles.

The invention provides methods for sorting polynucleotides from a population based on predetermined sequence characteristics. In one aspect, the method of the invention is carried out by extending a primer annealed polynucleotides having predetermined sequence characteristics to incorporate a predetermined terminator having a capture moiety, capturing polynucleotides having extended primers by a capture agent that specifically binds to the capture moiety, and melting the captured polynucleotides from the extended primers to form a subpopulation of polynucleotides having the predetermined sequence characteristics. In another aspect, the method of the invention is carried out on a population of tagged polynucleotides so that after a subpopulation is selected, the members of the subpopulation may be simultaneously analyzed using the unique tags on the polynucleotides to convey analytical information to a hybridization array for a readout.

An organic light emitting diode (OLED) formed on an opaque flexible substrate is disclosed. The opaque flexible substrate is composed of one of the following: (i) a plastic layer laminated to or coated with a metal layer, (ii) a metal layer sandwiched between two plastic layers, or (iii) a metal foil. When the OLED is formed on a metal surface of the flexible substrate, the metal surface may be coated with an isolation layer. The isolation layer may be a spin-coated polymer layer or a dielectric layer. The metal in the flexible substrate serves as a barrier to minimize the permeation of oxygen and moisture to the OLED. In addition, the OLED is provided with a transparent or semi-transparent upper electrode so that light can emit through the upper electrode.

Disclosed is a water soluble nanocrystal having a core comprising at least one metal M1 selected from an element of subgroup IIb, subgroup VIIa, subgroup VI11a, subgroup 1b, subgroup IV, main group II or main group III of the periodic system of the elements (PSE), at least one element A selected from an element of the main group V or VI of the periodic system of the elements, wherein a capping reagent is attached to the surface of the core of the nanocrystal, and wherein the capping reagent forms a host guest complex with a water soluble host molecule. Also disclosed is a water soluble nanocrystal having a core comprising at least one metal M1 selected from an element of subgroup I1b, subgroup VI1a, subgroup VI11a, subgroup 1b, subgroup IV, main group II or main group III of the periodic system of the elements (PSE), and at least one element A selected from an element of the main group V or VI of the periodic system of the elements, wherein a capping reagent is attached to the surface of the core of the nanocrystal, and wherein the capping reagent is covalently linked to a water soluble host molecule. Also disclosed is a water soluble nanocrystal having a core comprising at least one metal M1 selected from an element of subgroup I1b, subgroup VI1a, subgroup VI11a, subgroup 1b, subgroup IV, main group II or main group III of the periodic system of the elements (PSE), wherein a capping reagent is attached to the surface of the core of the nanocrystal, and wherein the capping reagent forms a host guest complex with a water soluble host molecule. Finally, compositions and uses of such nanocrystals are disclosed.

A method and platform for statistically extracting terms from large sets of documents is described. An importance vector is determined for each document in the set of documents based on importance values for words in each document. A binary document classification tree is formed by clustering the documents into clusters of similar documents based on the importance vector for each document. An infrastructure is built for the set of documents by generalizing the binary document classification tree. The document clusters are determined by dividing the generalized tree of the infrastructure into two parts and cutting away the upper part. Statistically significant individual key words are extracted from the clusters of similar documents. Key words are treated as seeds and terms are extracted by starting from the seeds and extending to their left or right contexts.

The invention provides methods and compositions for amplifying selected polynucleotides, especially selected subsets of restriction fragments. Generally, methods of the invention are implemented by ligating adaptors containing at least one promoter sequence to such fragments under conditions that promote the formation of closed single stranded or double stranded structures, which are capable of serving as cyclical templates for transcription.

The invention provides a system and reagents for carrying out multiplexed analytical measurements using the hybridization of oligonucleotide tags to addressable solid phase supports to obtain simultaneous readouts from hundreds to tens of thousands of reactions. In one aspect of the invention, analyte interaction moieties, such as oligonucleotide probes, are produced that are each labeled with a unique synthesis tag constructed from a set of two-nucleotide �words.� During or after an assay, the synthesis tags are converted to hybridization tags that are used in the readout step. Hybridization tags are constructed to maximize discrimination in the readout. Hybridization tags of the invention are preferably constructed from oligonucleotide �words� selected from a minimally cross-hybridizing set using combinatorial synthesis techniques. In a further aspect, discrimination in the readout is enhanced by employing hybridization tags that are constructed with words having the �comma-less� property and by minimizing or eliminating extraneous nucleic acids associated with the hybridization tag during a readout step.

The electronic device ( 100 ) comprises a semiconductor element ( 1 ) (e.g. a transistor), an encapsulation ( 5 ) and an electrically conductive layer ( 3 ) with a first and a second contact pad ( 11,12 ), used as signal pads, and a third contact pad ( 13 ) used as ground pads. Due to the shape of the contact pads ( 11,12,13 ), the spacing ( 200 ) is continuous, with a small entrance in between of the first and second contact pads ( 11,12 ). Consequently, the parasitic inductance is reduced and the device ( 100 ) is suitable for use at frequencies below and above 30 GHz, particularly up to 40 GHz.